Ma transfoma apano amatenga gawo lofunikira pakuyezera ndi kuyang'anira mafunde amagetsi pazinthu zosiyanasiyana.Amapangidwa kuti asinthe mafunde apamwamba kukhala okhazikika, otsika omwe amatha kuyeza ndi kuyang'aniridwa mosavuta.Pankhani ya zosintha zamakono, mitundu iwiri ikuluikulu imagwiritsidwa ntchito: AC (alternating current) ma transformer amakono ndi DC (direct current) osinthira apano.Kumvetsetsa kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa mitundu iwiriyi ndikofunikira kuti musankhe chosinthira choyenera cha ntchito inayake.
Kusiyanitsa kumodzi kwakukulu pakati pa AC ndi DC zosinthira zamakono zili mumtundu wamakono omwe adapangidwa kuti aziyeza.AC zosinthira zamakonoamapangidwa makamaka kuti ayeze mafunde osinthasintha, omwe amadziwika ndi kusintha kosalekeza ndi kukula kwake.Mafundewa amapezeka kawirikawiri m'makina ogawa magetsi, ma motors amagetsi, ndi ntchito zosiyanasiyana zamakampani ndi zamalonda.Mbali inayi,Zosintha zaposachedwa za DCamapangidwa kuti azitha kuyeza mitsinje yolunjika, yomwe imayenda munjira imodzi popanda kusintha polarity.Mafundewa amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamakina oyendera mabatire, ma solar, ndi njira zina zamafakitale.
Kusiyana kwina kwakukulu pakati pa AC ndi DC zosinthira zamakono ndizomanga ndi mapangidwe awo.Ma thiransifoma apano a AC nthawi zambiri amapangidwa ndi chitsulo chopangidwa ndi chitsulo kapena chitsulo, chomwe chimathandiza kusamutsa bwino maginito otuluka ndi ma alternating pano.Kuwombera koyambirira kwa thiransifoma kumalumikizidwa motsatizana ndi katundu, kulola kuyeza komwe kukuyenda mozungulira.Mosiyana ndi izi, zosinthira zamakono za DC zimafuna mapangidwe osiyanasiyana chifukwa cha kusinthasintha kwa mafunde olunjika.Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito toroidal core yopangidwa ndi zinthu za ferromagnetic kuti atsimikizire kuyeza kolondola kwa unidirectional pano.
Pankhani ya magwiridwe antchito, osintha apano a AC ndi DC amawonetsanso kusiyana pakulondola kwawo komanso kuyankha pafupipafupi.AC zosinthira zamakonoAmadziwika ndi kulondola kwambiri pakuyeza mafunde osinthasintha mkati mwa ma frequency angapo, makamaka kuchokera ku 50Hz mpaka 60Hz.Amapangidwa kuti azipereka miyeso yolondola pansi pamikhalidwe yolemetsa ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pogawa mphamvu ndi machitidwe owongolera mphamvu.Komano, ma transfoma apano a DC, amapangidwa kuti athe kuyeza molondola mafunde achindunji okhala ndi zotsatira zochepa zamachulukidwe komanso mzere wapamwamba.Amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri m'mapulogalamu omwe kuwunika kolondola kwa mafunde a DC ndikofunikira, monga pamakina opangira mabatire ndi kukhazikitsanso mphamvu zowonjezera.
Pankhani ya chitetezo ndi kutchinjiriza, ma AC ndi DC osinthira apano amakhalanso ndi zofunikira zosiyana.Ma thiransifoma apano a AC adapangidwa kuti azitha kupirira ma voltages apamwamba komanso zinthu zosakhalitsa zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi mafunde osinthasintha.Amakhala ndi makina otsekemera omwe amatha kuthana ndi kusintha kwachangu kwamagetsi ndikupereka chitetezo ku zovuta zamagetsi.Motsutsana,Zosintha zaposachedwa za DCzimafunikira kutchinjiriza kwapadera kuti zipirire kuchuluka kwa ma voliyumu osasinthika komanso kusintha kosinthika komwe kumakhudzana ndi mafunde achindunji.Izi zimatsimikizira ntchito yotetezeka komanso yodalirika ya transformer mu ntchito za DC.
Pomaliza, kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa AC ndi DC zosinthira zamakono zili mumtundu wamakono omwe amapangidwira kuti ayese, kapangidwe kake ndi kamangidwe kake, mawonekedwe a ntchito, ndi kulingalira za chitetezo.Kumvetsetsa kusiyana kumeneku ndikofunikira pakusankha thiransifoma yoyenera kuti igwiritsidwe ntchito, kuonetsetsa kuyeza kolondola komanso kodalirika kwa mafunde amagetsi pamakina ndi zida zosiyanasiyana.Kaya ndikugawa magetsi, makina opanga mafakitale, kapena mphamvu zowonjezera, kusankha chosinthira chomwe chili choyenera ndikofunikira kuti chizigwira ntchito moyenera komanso motetezeka.
Nthawi yotumiza: Jul-29-2024