Akatswiri apadziko lonse lapansi pa mphamvu ya dzuwa amalimbikitsa kwambiri kudzipereka pakukula kwakukula kwa photovoltaic (PV) kupanga ndi kutumizidwa kuti apange mphamvu padziko lapansi, akutsutsa kuti kutsika kwapamwamba kwa kukula kwa PV pamene akudikirira mgwirizano pa njira zina zamagetsi kapena kutuluka kwa teknoloji yomaliza. zozizwitsa "sizilinso mwayi."
Chigwirizano chomwe adalandira nawo mu 3rdMsonkhano wa Terawatt chaka chatha ukutsatira zomwe zikuchulukirachulukira kuchokera m'magulu angapo padziko lonse lapansi pakufunika kwa PV yayikulu kuyendetsa magetsi ndi kuchepetsa mpweya wowonjezera kutentha.Kuwonjezeka kwa kuvomereza kwaukadaulo wa PV kwapangitsa akatswiriwo kunena kuti pafupifupi ma terawatts 75 kapena kupitilira apo a PV omwe atumizidwa padziko lonse lapansi adzafunika pofika 2050 kuti akwaniritse zolinga za decarbonization.
Msonkhanowu, motsogozedwa ndi oimira National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Fraunhofer Institute for Solar Energy ku Germany, ndi National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology ku Japan, anasonkhanitsa atsogoleri ochokera padziko lonse lapansi ku PV, kugwirizanitsa grid, kusanthula, ndi kusunga mphamvu, kuchokera ku mabungwe ofufuza, maphunziro, ndi mafakitale.Msonkhano woyamba, mu 2016, unathetsa vuto lofikira ma terawatt osachepera atatu pofika 2030.
Msonkhano wa 2018 unapangitsa kuti cholingacho chikhale chokwera kwambiri, kufika pa 10 TW pofika chaka cha 2030, ndi kuwirikiza katatu kuchuluka kwa 2050. Ophunzirawo adaneneratu bwino kuti m'badwo wamagetsi padziko lonse lapansi kuchokera ku PV udzafika 1 TW mkati mwa zaka zisanu zotsatira.Mpata umenewo unadutsa chaka chatha.
"Tapita patsogolo kwambiri, koma zolingazo zidzafunika kupitiriza kugwira ntchito ndi kufulumira," anatero Nancy Haegel, mkulu wa National Center for Photovoltaics ku NREL.Haegel ndi mlembi wamkulu wa nkhani yatsopano mu nyuzipepalaSayansi, "Photovoltaics pa Multi-Terawatt Scale: Kudikirira Si Njira."Othandizira nawo akuyimira mabungwe 41 ochokera kumayiko 15.
"Nthawi ndiyofunika kwambiri, choncho ndikofunikira kuti tikhazikitse zolinga zazikulu komanso zomwe tingakwaniritse zomwe zimakhudza kwambiri," atero a Martin Keller, mkulu wa NREL."Pakhala chitukuko chochuluka mu mphamvu ya dzuwa ya photovoltaic, ndipo ndikudziwa kuti tikhoza kuchita zambiri pamene tikupitiriza kupanga zatsopano ndikuchita mwachangu."
Kutentha kwa dzuwa komwe kunachitika kutha kupereka mphamvu zochulukirapo kuposa mphamvu zokwanira padziko lapansi, koma ndi gawo lochepa chabe lomwe limagwiritsidwa ntchito.Kuchuluka kwa magetsi operekedwa padziko lonse lapansi ndi PV kudakwera kwambiri kuchokera pamtengo wocheperako mu 2010 kufika pa 4-5% mu 2022.
Lipoti la msonkhanowo linanena kuti "zenera likutseka kwambiri kuti achitepo kanthu kuti achepetse kutulutsa mpweya wowonjezera kutentha pomwe akukumana ndi zofunikira zamphamvu padziko lonse lapansi mtsogolo."PV imadziwika kuti ndi imodzi mwazosankha zochepa zomwe zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi yomweyo m'malo mwamafuta."Chiwopsezo chachikulu chazaka khumi zikubwerazi chingakhale kuganiza molakwika kapena zolakwika pakutengera kukula kofunikira pamakampani a PV, kenako ndikuzindikira mochedwa kuti tidalakwitsa kumbali yotsika ndipo tikufunika kukulitsa kupanga ndikutumiza kuzinthu zomwe sizingachitike kapena milingo yosakhazikika. ”
Kufikira chandamale cha 75-terawatt, olembawo adaneneratu, adzaika zofuna zazikulu kwa opanga ma PV ndi gulu lasayansi.Mwachitsanzo:
- Opanga ma solar solar a silicon ayenera kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa siliva wogwiritsidwa ntchito kuti ukadaulo ukhale wokhazikika pamlingo wa terawatt wambiri.
- Makampani a PV akuyenera kupitiliza kukula pafupifupi 25% pachaka pazaka zovuta zikubwerazi.
- Makampaniwa ayenera kupitiliza kupanga zatsopano kuti apititse patsogolo kukhazikika kwazinthu komanso kuchepetsa momwe chilengedwe chimakhalira.
Ochita nawo msonkhanowo adatinso ukadaulo wa dzuwa uyenera kukonzedwanso kuti ukhale wozungulira komanso wozungulira, ngakhale kuti zinthu zobwezereranso si njira yothetsera chuma pakalipano pazofuna zakuthupi zomwe zimatengera kuyika kocheperako mpaka pano poyerekeza ndi zomwe zaka makumi awiri zikubwerazi.
Monga lipotilo lidanenera, cholinga cha ma terawatts 75 a PV yoyikidwa "ndizovuta komanso njira yomwe ikupezeka patsogolo.Mbiri yaposachedwapa ndiponso mmene zinthu zilili panopa zikusonyeza kuti zimenezi zingatheke.”
NREL ndi labotale yayikulu yaku US Department of Energy yofufuza ndi chitukuko champhamvu zongowonjezwdwa ndi mphamvu zowongoka.NREL imayendetsedwa ndi DOE ndi Alliance for Sustainable Energy LLC.
Nthawi yotumiza: Apr-26-2023