Ukurikije ihame ryimiterere yimikorere ya metero yingufu, irashobora kugabanywa mubice 8, module yingufu, kwerekana module, module yo kubika, icyitegererezo, icyitegererezo, icyiciro cyitumanaho, module yo kugenzura, module yo gutunganya MUC.Buri module ikora inshingano zayo na MCU itunganya module yo guhuriza hamwe no guhuza, gufatana muri rusange.
1. Module yingufu za metero yingufu
Module yingufu za metero yimbaraga nicyo kigo cyingufu zikorwa bisanzwe bya metero yamashanyarazi.Igikorwa nyamukuru cyamashanyarazi ni uguhindura voltage nini ya AC 220V mumashanyarazi ya DC ntoya ya DC12 \ DC5V \ DC3.3V, itanga amashanyarazi akora kuri chip hamwe nibikoresho byubundi buryo bwingufu. metero.Hariho ubwoko butatu bwingufu modules zikoreshwa cyane: transformateur, resistance-capacitance intambwe-hasi, no guhindura amashanyarazi.
Ubwoko bwa Transformer: AC 220 itanga amashanyarazi ihindurwamo AC12V binyuze muri transformateur, kandi ingufu za voltage zisabwa zigerwaho mugukosora, kugabanya ingufu za voltage no kugenzura voltage.Imbaraga nke, ituze ryinshi, byoroshye guhuza amashanyarazi.
Resistance-capacitance intambwe-yamashanyarazi itanga ni umuzunguruko ukoresha reaction ya capacitif yakozwe na capacitor munsi yumurongo runaka wikimenyetso cya AC kugirango ugabanye ibikorwa byinshi.Ingano nto, igiciro gito, imbaraga nto, gukoresha ingufu nini.
Guhindura amashanyarazi ni binyuze mubikoresho bya elegitoronike yo guhinduranya amashanyarazi (nka tristoriste, transistors ya MOS, thyristors ishobora kugenzurwa, nibindi), binyuze mumuzunguruko, kuburyo ibikoresho byo guhinduranya ibikoresho bya elegitoronike rimwe na rimwe "kuri" na "kuzimya", kugirango ingufu za elegitoronike guhinduranya ibikoresho pulse modulasiyo yinjiza voltage, kugirango ugere kuri voltage ihindurwe hamwe nibisohoka voltage irashobora guhinduka kandi imikorere yumubyigano wa voltage.Gukoresha ingufu nke, ingano ntoya, intera nini ya voltage, kwivanga kwinshi, igiciro kinini.
Mu iterambere no gushushanya metero zingufu, ukurikije imikorere yibicuruzwa bisabwa, ingano yurubanza, ibisabwa kugenzura ibiciro, ibisabwa na politiki yigihugu ndetse nakarere kugirango hamenyekane ubwoko bw'amashanyarazi.
2. Moderi yerekana ingufu zerekana module
Ingero ya metero yerekana ingufu ikoreshwa cyane mugusoma ingufu zikoreshwa, kandi hariho ubwoko bwinshi bwerekana harimo na tube ya digitale, konte, ibisanzweLCD, Akadomo matrix LCD, gukoraho LCD, nibindi. Uburyo bubiri bwo kwerekana imiyoboro ya digitale na compteur birashobora kwerekana gusa gukoresha amashanyarazi, hamwe niterambere rya gride yubwenge, ubwoko bwinshi bwa metero zamashanyarazi burasabwa kwerekana amakuru yingufu, umuyoboro wa digitale na compteur ntishobora guhura inzira yimbaraga zubwenge.LCD nuburyo nyamukuru bwo kwerekana muburyo bwa metero yingufu, ukurikije ubunini bwibintu byerekanwe mugutezimbere no gushushanya bizahitamo ubwoko butandukanye bwa LCD.
3. Module yo kubika metero yingufu
Ububiko bwa metero yingufu zikoreshwa mukubika ibipimo bya metero, amashanyarazi, namakuru yamateka.Ibikoresho bikoreshwa cyane mububiko ni EEP chip, ferroelectric, flash chip, ubu bwoko butatu bwibikoresho byibikoresho bifite porogaramu zitandukanye muri metero yingufu.flash nuburyo bwa flash yibuka ibika amakuru yigihe gito, umutwaro uhetamye, hamwe na software yo kuzamura software.
EEPROM ni nzima ishobora guhanagurwa ishobora gusomwa gusa yibuka ituma abayikoresha bahanagura kandi bagasubiramo amakuru yabitswe muri yo haba ku gikoresho cyangwa binyuze mu gikoresho cyabigenewe, bigatuma EEPROM igira akamaro mu bihe aho amakuru agomba guhinduka kandi akavugururwa kenshi.EEPROM irashobora kubikwa inshuro miriyoni 1 kandi ikoreshwa mukubika amakuru yingufu nkubwinshi bwamashanyarazi muri metero yingufu.Igihe cyo kubika gishobora kuzuza ibihe byo kubika ibisabwa bya metero yingufu mubuzima bwose, kandi igiciro ni gito.
Chipe ya ferroelektrike ikoresha ibiranga ibikoresho bya ferroelektrike kugirango ibone umuvuduko mwinshi, gukoresha ingufu nke, kubika amakuru yizewe cyane no gukora byumvikana, igihe cyo kubika miliyari 1;Amakuru ntazasiba nyuma yo kunanirwa kwamashanyarazi, bigatuma ibyuma bya ferroelektrike bifite ubwinshi bwububiko, umuvuduko wihuse, hamwe n’ingufu nke.Amashanyarazi ya ferroelektrike akoreshwa cyane muri metero zingufu kugirango abike amashanyarazi nandi makuru yimbaraga, igiciro kiri hejuru, kandi gikoreshwa gusa mubicuruzwa bikenera kugira ijambo ryihuta ryibisabwa.
4, ibipimo by'ingufu z'icyitegererezo
Icyitegererezo cya metero ya watt-isaha ishinzwe guhindura ibimenyetso binini bigezweho hamwe n’ikimenyetso kinini cya voltage mu kimenyetso gito kigezweho n’ikimenyetso gito cya voltage kugirango byoroherezwe kubona metero ya watt-isaha.Ibikoresho by'icyitegererezo bisanzwe bikoreshwa nishunt, impinduka, Roche coil, nibindi, icyitegererezo cya voltage mubisanzwe bifata ibyemezo bihanitse birwanya igice cya voltage icyitegererezo.
5, ibipimo byo gupima ingufu za metero
Igikorwa nyamukuru cya metero yo gupima module ni ukurangiza kugereranya amashanyarazi na voltage yo kugura, no guhindura ikigereranyo kuri digitale;Irashobora kugabanywamo icyiciro kimwe cyo gupima icyiciro hamwe nicyiciro cya gatatu cyo gupima.
6. Module yingufu zitumanaho
Moderi y'itumanaho ry'ingufu ni ishingiro ryo guhererekanya amakuru no guhuza amakuru, ishingiro ryamakuru ya gride yubwenge, ubwenge, imiyoborere myiza yubumenyi, nishingiro ryiterambere rya interineti yibintu kugirango umuntu agere kumikoranire ya mudasobwa.Mubihe byashize, kubura uburyo bwitumanaho ahanini ni infragre, itumanaho rya RS485, hamwe niterambere ryikoranabuhanga ryitumanaho, ikoranabuhanga rya interineti yibintu, guhitamo uburyo bwo gutumanaho metero yingufu byabaye byinshi, PLC, RF, RS485, LoRa, Zigbee, GPRS , NB-IoT, nibindi Ukurikije ibihe bitandukanye byo gusaba hamwe nibyiza nibibi bya buri buryo bwitumanaho, uburyo bwitumanaho bukwiranye nibisabwa ku isoko bwatoranijwe.
7. Module yo kugenzura metero
Imbaraga za metero yo kugenzura module irashobora kugenzura no gucunga imitwaro yingufu neza.Inzira isanzwe nugushiraho magnetiki ifata relay imbere muri metero yimbaraga.Binyuze mumashanyarazi, gahunda yo kugenzura na real-time command, umutwaro wamashanyarazi ucungwa kandi ukagenzurwa.Imikorere isanzwe muri metero yingufu ikubiye muburyo burenze-bugezweho kandi burenze urugero kugirango uhagarike kugenzura imitwaro no kurinda umurongo;Kugenzura igihe ukurikije igihe cyo kububasha kugenzura;Mubikorwa byabanje kwishyurwa, inguzanyo ntabwo ihagije kugirango uhagarike relay;Igikorwa cya kure cyo kugenzura kigerwaho no kohereza amategeko mugihe nyacyo.
8, metero yingufu MCU itunganya module
MCU itunganya module ya watt-isaha ni ubwonko bwa metero ya watt-isaha, ibara ubwoko bwamakuru yose, igahindura kandi igashyira mubikorwa amabwiriza yose, ikanahuza buri module kugirango igere kumurimo.
Imetero yingufu nigicuruzwa cyoroshye cya elegitoroniki, gihuza ibice byinshi byikoranabuhanga rya elegitoronike, ikoranabuhanga ryingufu, tekinoroji yo gupima ingufu, ikoranabuhanga ryitumanaho, ikoranabuhanga ryerekana, tekinoroji yo kubika nibindi.Birakenewe guhuza buri module ikora na buri tekinoroji ya elegitoronike kugirango ikore byose byuzuye kugirango tubyare metero ihamye, yizewe kandi yuzuye ya watt-saha.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Gicurasi-28-2024