Nyanzvi dzepasi rose pamusoro pesimba rezuva dzinokurudzira kuzvipira mukuenderera mberi kwekugadzira photovoltaic (PV) kugadzira uye kuendeswa kune simba pasirese, vachipokana kuti lowballing fungidziro yekukura kwePV uchimirira kubvumirana pane dzimwe nzira dzesimba kana kubuda kwehunyanzvi hwekuita zvishamiso zveminiti yekupedzisira "haisisiri sarudzo."
Kubvumirana kwakagamuchirwa nevatori vechikamu mu3rdTerawatt Workshop gore rapfuura inotevera fungidziro yakakura kubva kumapoka akawanda pasirese pamusoro pekudiwa kwePV yakakura yekutyaira magetsi uye kuderedza gasi regreenhouse. Kuwedzera kugamuchirwa kwehunyanzvi hwePV kwakaita kuti nyanzvi dzipe pfungwa yekuti materawatts makumi manomwe neshanu kana anopfuura ePV akaiswa pasi rose achadiwa panosvika 2050 kuzadzisa zvinangwa zve decarbonization.
Musangano uyu, uchitungamirwa nevamiriri veNational Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Fraunhofer Institute for Solar Energy muGermany, uye National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology muJapan, yakaunganidza vatungamiriri kubva pasirese muPV, kubatanidza grid, kuongorora, uye kuchengetedza kwesimba, kubva kumasangano ekutsvagisa, academia, uye indasitiri. Musangano wekutanga, muna 2016, wakagadzirisa dambudziko rekusvika 3 terawatts panosvika 2030.
Musangano wa2018 wakaita kuti chinangwa chiwedzere, kusvika pa10 TW kusvika muna 2030, uye katatu nhamba iyoyo muna 2050. Vatori vechikamu mumusangano iwoyo vakabudirirawo kufanotaura kuti chizvarwa chepasi rose chemagetsi kubva kuPV chaizosvika 1 TW mukati memakore mashanu anotevera. Chikumbaridzo ichocho chakayambuka gore rapfuura.
"Takaita kufambira mberi kukuru, asi zvinangwa zvinoda kuenderera mberi nebasa uye kukurumidza," akadaro Nancy Haegel, director weNational Center for Photovoltaics paNREL. Haegel ndiye munyori anotungamira wechinyorwa chitsva mujenariSayenzi, "Photovoltaics paMulti-Terawatt Scale: Kumirira Haisi Sarudzo." Coauthors anomiririra 41 masangano kubva kunyika gumi neshanu.
"Nguva ndeye musimboti, saka zvakakosha kuti tiise zvibodzwa zveshungu uye zvinogoneka zvine mutsindo mukuru," akadaro Martin Keller, director weNREL. "Pakave nekufambira mberi kwakawanda munzvimbo ye photovoltaic solar energy, uye ndinoziva kuti tinogona kuita zvakatowanda sezvatinoramba tichigadzira uye kuita nekukurumidzira."
Chiitiko chemwaranzi yezuva inogona kupa zviri nyore simba rinopfuura rakakwana kuti rizadzise simba rePasi rinodiwa, asi chikamu chidiki chete chinoshandiswa. Huwandu hwemagetsi akapihwa pasi rose nePV hwakawedzera zvakanyanya kubva pahuwandu husina basa muna 2010 kusvika 4-5% muna 2022.
Chirevo kubva kumusangano uyu chakataura kuti "hwindo riri kuramba richivhara kutora matanho pamwero kuderedza kubuda kwegasi regreenhouse uku uchisangana nezvinodiwa zvepasi rose remangwana." PV inomira pachena seimwe yezvishoma sarudzo dzinogona kushandiswa nekukurumidza kutsiva fossil mafuta. "Njodzi huru yemakore gumi anotevera ndeyekuita fungidziro dzisina kunaka kana zvikanganiso mukuenzanisira kukura kunodiwa muindasitiri yePV, uye tozoona kunonoka kuti takanga takanganisa padivi uye tinofanirwa kukwidza kugadzira uye kuendeswa kune zvisingaite kana zvisingagoneke."
Kusvika pachinangwa che75-terawatt, vanyori vakafanotaura, vachaisa zvakakosha kune vese vagadziri vePV uye nharaunda yesainzi. Semuyenzaniso:
- Vagadziri vesilicon solar panels vanofanirwa kuderedza huwandu hwesirivheri inoshandiswa kuitira kuti tekinoroji ive yakasimba pachiyero che-terawatt yakawanda.
- Indasitiri yePV inofanirwa kuramba ichikura pamwero we25% pagore mumakore anotevera akaoma.
- Iyo indasitiri inofanirwa kuenderera mberi nekuvandudza kuvandudza zvinhu uye kuderedza nharaunda yayo.
Vatori vechikamu mumusangano vakatiwo tekinoroji yezuva inofanirwa kugadzirwa patsva kuitira ecodesign uye kutenderera, kunyangwe zvinhu zvekudzokorodza isiri mhinduro ine hupfumi parizvino yezvido zvenyama zvakapihwa kuisirwa kwakadzikira kusvika parizvino zvichienzaniswa nezvinodiwa zvemakumi maviri emakore anotevera.
Sezvakataurwa nemushumo, chinangwa che75 terawatts yePV yakaiswa "idambudziko guru uye nzira inowanikwa mberi.
NREL idhipatimendi reUS reEnergy rekutanga murabhoritari yenyika yesimba rinowanikwazve uye simba rekuita tsvakiridzo nekusimudzira. NREL inoshandiswa kuDOE neAlliance yeSustainable Energy LLC.
Nguva yekutumira: Kubvumbi-26-2023