Isiguquli samandla luhlobo lwesiguquli sombane esisetyenziselwa ukuhambisa amandla ombane phakathi kweesekethe ezimbini okanye ngaphezulu ngokusebenzisa i-electromagnetic induction. Yenzelwe ukuba isebenze kumandla ombane aphezulu kwaye ibalulekile ekugqithiseni nasekuhanjisweni kombane. Iziguquli zamandla ziqhele ukufunyanwa kwizitishi ezisezantsi, apho zehla amandla ombane aphezulu othumelo ukuya kumanqanaba asezantsi alungele ukuhanjiswa kumakhaya nakumashishini.
Xa kuziwa kwiimitha zamandla,iziguquli zamandlaidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuqinisekiseni umlinganiselo ochanekileyo wokusetyenziswa kombane. Iimitha zamandla, ezikwaziwa njengeemitha zeyure ye-watt, zizixhobo ezilinganisa ubungakanani bamandla ombane asetyenziswa kwindawo yokuhlala, ishishini, okanye isixhobo sombane ekuhambeni kwexesha. Ezi mitha zibalulekile kwiinjongo zokuhlawula nokubeka iliso kusetyenziso lwamandla.
Kwiimeko ezininzi, ngakumbi kwiindawo zoshishino okanye izakhiwo ezinkulu zorhwebo, amanqanaba ombane anokuba phezulu kakhulu ukuba iimitha zamandla ezisemgangathweni zikwazi ukuphatha ngokuthe ngqo. Apha kulapho iinguqu zamandla zingena khona. Zisetyenziselwa ukuhla amandla ombane aphezulu ukuya kwinqanaba eliphantsi, elilawulekayo elinokulinganiswa ngokukhuselekileyo ngemitha yamandla. Le nkqubo ayikhuseli kuphela imitha kumonakalo onokuthi ubekho ngenxa yombane ophezulu kodwa iqinisekisa ukuba ukufundwa kuchanekile.
Iziguquli zamandla ezisetyenziswa ngokubambisana nemitha yamandla zidla ngokubizwa ngokuba “zii-transformers zangoku” (CTs) kunye “nee-voltage transformers” (VTs). I-transformers yangoku isetyenziselwa ukulinganisa i-current flowing through conductor, ngelixa i-voltage transformers isetyenziselwa ukulinganisa i-voltage kwisekethe. Ngokusebenzisa ezi ziguquli, iimitha zamandla zingabala ngokuchanekileyo ukusetyenziswa kwamandla ngokuphindaphinda umlinganiselo wangoku kunye nombane.
Ukuhlanganiswa kweenguqu zamandla kunye neemitha zamandla kubaluleke kakhulu kwiinkqubo zesigaba sesithathu, ezisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo kwizicelo zoshishino. Kwiinkqubo ezinjalo, iiseti ezintathu zee-currents kunye ne-voltages kufuneka zilinganiswe ngaxeshanye. Abaguquli bamandla baququzelela oku ngokubonelela ngokunyuka okufunekayo phantsi kweeparamitha zombane, ukuvumela imitha yamandla ukuba isebenze ngokufanelekileyo.
Ngaphezu koko, ukusetyenziswa kweiziguquli zamandlakwiimitha zamandla zongeza ukhuseleko. Iinkqubo zamandla ombane aphezulu zinokubeka umngcipheko omkhulu, kubandakanywa ukothuka kombane kunye nemililo. Ngokuhla amandla ombane ukuya kwinqanaba elikhuselekileyo, iziguquli zamandla zinceda ukunciphisa le mingcipheko, ziqinisekisa ukuba zombini imitha yamandla kunye neziseko ezingqongileyo zisebenza ngokukhuselekileyo.
Isishwankathelo, i-transformer yamandla iyinxalenye ebalulekileyo ekusebenzeni kweemitha zamandla, ngokukodwa kwizicelo zombane ophezulu. Yenza umlinganiselo ochanekileyo wokusetyenziswa kombane ngokuhla amanqanaba ombane ukuya kuluhlu olulawulekayo. Oku akuqinisekisi amatyala achanekileyo kunye nokuhlolwa kokusetyenziswa kwamandla kodwa konyusa ukhuseleko kwiinkqubo zombane. Ukuqonda indima yabaguquli bamandla kwiimitha zamandla kubalulekile kuye nabani na obandakanyekayo kwicandelo lamandla, njengoko ligxininisa ukubaluleka kwezi zixhobo ekusasazeni ngokufanelekileyo nangokukhuselekileyo kwamandla ombane.
Ixesha lokuposa: Nov-29-2024