Isingenisoof Izinhlelo Ezine Zokufaka I-PV Ezivamile
Yiziphi izinhlelo zokufaka ze-PV ezisetshenziswa kakhulu?
Ukufakwa Kwelanga Kwekholomu
Lolu hlelo luyisakhiwo sokuqinisa umhlabathi esenzelwe kakhulu ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zokufakwa kwamaphaneli elanga amakhulu futhi ngokuvamile lusetshenziswa ezindaweni ezinesivinini esikhulu somoya.
Uhlelo lwe-PV oluphansi
Ivame ukusetshenziswa kumaphrojekthi amakhulu futhi ngokuvamile isebenzisa imichilo yekhonkrithi njengesisekelo. Izici zayo zifaka:
(1) Isakhiwo esilula kanye nokufakwa okusheshayo.
(2) Ukuguquguquka kwesimo okulungisekayo ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zesakhiwo eziyinkimbinkimbi.
Uhlelo lwe-PV Lophahla Oluyisicaba
Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zezinhlelo ze-PV zophahla oluyisicaba, njengophahla oluyisicaba lukakhonkolo, uphahla oluyisicaba lwepuleti yensimbi enemibala, uphahla oluyisicaba lwesakhiwo sensimbi, kanye nophahla lwe-ball node, olunezici ezilandelayo:
(1) Zingahlelwa kahle ngezinga elikhulu.
(2) Banezindlela eziningi zokuxhuma isisekelo ezizinzile nezithembekile.
Uhlelo lwe-PV Lophahla Olugobile
Nakuba kubizwa ngokuthi uhlelo lwe-PV lophahla oluthambekele, kunezimo ezahlukene kwezinye izakhiwo. Nazi ezinye zezici ezivamile:
(1) Sebenzisa izingxenye zokuphakama ezilungisekayo ukuze uhlangabezane nezidingo zobukhulu obuhlukene bophahla lwamathayela.
(2) Izesekeli eziningi zisebenzisa imiklamo enezimbobo eziningi ukuvumela ukulungiswa okuguquguqukayo kwendawo yokufaka.
(3) Ungalimazi uhlelo lokuvikela amanzi ophahleni.
Isingeniso Esifushane Sezinhlelo Zokufaka I-PV
Ukufakwa kwe-PV - Izinhlobo kanye Nemisebenzi
Ukufakwa kwe-PV kuyithuluzi elikhethekile elenzelwe ukusekela, ukulungisa, nokujikeleza izingxenye ze-PV ohlelweni lwe-PV yelanga. Lisebenza "njengomgogodla" wesiteshi samandla sonke, linikeza ukwesekwa nokuzinza, liqinisekisa ukusebenza okuthembekile kwesiteshi samandla se-PV ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo ezahlukahlukene eziyinkimbinkimbi iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-25.
Ngokwezinto ezahlukene ezisetshenziselwa izingxenye eziyinhloko ezithwala amandla zokufakwa kwe-PV, zingahlukaniswa zibe ukufakwa kwe-aluminium alloy, ukufakwa kwensimbi, kanye nokufakwa okungeyona insimbi, kanti ukufakwa okungeyona insimbi akuvamile ukusetshenziswa, kuyilapho ukufakwa kwe-aluminium alloy kanye nokufakwa kwensimbi ngayinye inezimpawu zayo.
Ngokwendlela yokufaka, ukufakwa kwe-PV kungahlukaniswa ngokuyinhloko ngokufakwa okuhleliwe kanye nokufakwa kokulandelela. Ukufakwa kokulandelela kulandelela ilanga ngenkuthalo ukuze kukhiqizwe amandla aphezulu. Ukufakwa okuhleliwe ngokuvamile kusebenzisa i-angle yokuthambekela ethola imisebe yelanga ephezulu unyaka wonke njenge-engeli yokufaka yezingxenye, ngokuvamile engalungiseki noma edinga ukulungiswa ngesandla kwesizini (eminye imikhiqizo emisha ingafinyelela ukulungiswa okukude noma okuzenzakalelayo). Ngokuphambene nalokho, ukufakwa kokulandelela kulungisa ukuqondiswa kwezingxenye ngesikhathi sangempela ukuze kusetshenziswe imisebe yelanga kakhulu, ngaleyo ndlela kwandiswe ukukhiqizwa kwamandla futhi kufezwe imali engenayo ephezulu yokukhiqizwa kwamandla.
Isakhiwo sokufakwa okugxilile silula kakhulu, sakhiwe kakhulu ngamakholomu, imishayo emikhulu, ama-purlin, izisekelo, nezinye izingxenye. Ukufakwa kokulandelela kunesethi ephelele yezinhlelo zokulawula ze-electromechanical futhi kuvame ukubizwa ngokuthi uhlelo lokulandelela, oluqukethe izingxenye ezintathu: uhlelo lwesakhiwo (ukufakwa okujikelezayo), uhlelo lokushayela, kanye nohlelo lokulawula, olunezinhlelo ezengeziwe zokushayela nokulawula uma kuqhathaniswa nokufakwa okugxilile.
Ukuqhathaniswa Kokusebenza Kokufaka i-PV
Njengamanje, ukufakwa kwe-solar PV okuvame ukusetshenziswa eShayina kungahlukaniswa kakhulu ngezinto zokwakha zibe ukufakwa kwekhonkrithi, ukufakwa kwensimbi, kanye nokufakwa kwe-aluminium alloy. Ukufakwa kwekhonkrithi kusetshenziswa kakhulu eziteshini zikagesi ze-PV ezinkulu ngenxa yesisindo sazo esikhulu futhi kungafakwa kuphela emasimini avulekile anezisekelo ezinhle, kodwa anokuqina okuphezulu futhi angasekela amaphaneli elanga amakhulu.
Izikhonkwane ze-aluminium alloy zivame ukusetshenziswa ezindlini zokuhlala ezisebenzisa amandla elanga. I-aluminium alloy inamandla okumelana nokugqwala, ilula, futhi ihlala isikhathi eside, kodwa inamandla amancane okuzimela futhi ayikwazi ukusetshenziswa kumaphrojekthi ezitshalo zamandla elanga. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-aluminium alloy ibiza kancane kunensimbi eshisiwe egayiwe.
Izikhonkwane zensimbi zisebenza kahle, zivuthwe, zinamandla okuthwala izinto eziningi, futhi kulula ukuzifaka, futhi zisetshenziswa kabanzi ezindaweni zokuhlala, zezimboni, kanye nezindawo zamandla elanga. Phakathi kwazo, izinhlobo zensimbi zikhiqizwa efektri, zinezincazelo ezijwayelekile, ukusebenza kahle, ukumelana nokugqwala okuhle kakhulu, kanye nokubukeka okuhle.
Ukufakwa kwe-PV - Izithiyo Zemboni Namaphethini Okuncintisana
Imboni yokufaka i-PV idinga ukutshalwa kwezimali okukhulu, izidingo eziphezulu zamandla ezezimali kanye nokuphathwa kwemali, okuholela ezinkingeni zezimali. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kudingeka ucwaningo nentuthuko esezingeni eliphezulu, abasebenzi bokuthengisa, kanye nabaphathi ukuze kulungiswe izinguquko emakethe yezobuchwepheshe, ikakhulukazi ukuntuleka kwamakhono omhlaba wonke, okwakha isithiyo samakhono.
Imboni igxile kakhulu kwezobuchwepheshe, futhi izithiyo zobuchwepheshe ziyabonakala ekwakhiweni kwesistimu iyonke, ekwakhiweni kwesakhiwo semishini, ezinqubweni zokukhiqiza, kanye nobuchwepheshe bokulawula ukulandelela. Ubudlelwano obuzinzile bokubambisana kunzima ukubushintsha, futhi abasanda kungena babhekene nezithiyo ekuqongeleleni uphawu kanye nokungena okuphezulu. Lapho imakethe yasekhaya ivuthwa, iziqu zezimali zizoba yisithiyo ebhizinisini elikhulayo, kuyilapho emakethe yaphesheya kwezilwandle, izithiyo eziphakeme kudingeka zakhiwe ngokuhlolwa komuntu wesithathu.
Ukuklama Nokusetshenziswa Kokufakwa Kwe-PV Yezinto Ezihlanganisiwe
Njengomkhiqizo osekelayo wochungechunge lwemboni ye-PV, ukuphepha, ukusebenza, kanye nokuqina kwezinsimbi ze-PV kube yizici ezibalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukusebenza okuphephile nokwesikhathi eside kohlelo lwe-PV ngesikhathi sokukhiqizwa kwamandla. Njengamanje eShayina, izinsimbi ze-PV zelanga zihlukaniswe kakhulu ngezinto zokwakha zibe yizinsimbi zekhonkrithi, izinsimbi zensimbi, kanye nezinsimbi ze-aluminium alloy.
● Ukufakwa kwekhonkrithi kusetshenziswa kakhulu eziteshini zikagesi ze-PV ezinkulu, njengoba isisindo sazo esikhulu singabekwa kuphela emasimini avulekile ezindaweni ezinezimo ezinhle zesisekelo. Kodwa-ke, ikhonkrithi ayimelani nesimo sezulu esibi futhi ithambekele ekuqhekekeni ngisho nasekuqhekekeni, okuholela ezindleleni eziphezulu zokulungisa.
● Izikhonkwane ze-aluminium alloy zivame ukusetshenziswa ezisetshenziswa emisebeni yelanga ophahleni ezakhiweni zokuhlala. I-aluminium alloy inamandla okumelana nokugqwala, ilula, futhi ihlala isikhathi eside, kodwa inamandla aphansi okuzimela futhi ayikwazi ukusetshenziswa kumaphrojekthi eziteshi zamandla elanga.
● Izikhonkwane zensimbi zinokuqina, izinqubo zokukhiqiza ezivuthiwe, amandla aphezulu okuthwala, kanye nokulula kokufakwa, futhi zisetshenziswa kabanzi ezindaweni zokuhlala, zezimboni ze-solar PV, kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza zezitshalo zamandla elanga. Kodwa-ke, zinesisindo esikhulu, okwenza ukufakwa kube nzima ngezindleko eziphezulu zokuhamba kanye nokusebenza okuvamile kokumelana nokugqwala. Ngokuphathelene nezimo zokusetshenziswa, ngenxa yendawo eyisicaba kanye nokukhanya kwelanga okunamandla, izindawo eziphansi zamaza kanye nezindawo eziseduze nogu ziye zaba izindawo ezintsha ezibalulekile zokuthuthukiswa kwamandla amasha, ezinamandla amakhulu okuthuthukiswa, izinzuzo eziphezulu eziphelele, kanye nezindawo zemvelo ezinobungani nemvelo. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yokwanda kosawoti enhlabathini kanye nokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-Cl- kanye ne-SO42- enhlabathini ezindaweni eziphansi zamaza kanye nezindawo eziseduze nogu, izinhlelo zokufaka i-PV ezisekelwe ensimbi zingcolisa kakhulu izakhiwo ezingezansi nezingaphezulu, okwenza kube nzima ngezinhlelo zokufaka i-PV zendabuko ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zokuphila kwesevisi kanye nokuphepha kweziteshi zamandla ze-PV ezindaweni ezingcolisa kakhulu. Esikhathini eside, ngokuthuthukiswa kwezinqubomgomo zikazwelonke kanye nomkhakha we-PV, i-PV yasogwini izoba yindawo ebalulekile yokuklama i-PV esikhathini esizayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, njengoba imboni ye-PV ithuthuka, umthwalo omkhulu ekuhlanganisweni kwezingxenye eziningi uletha ukuphazamiseka okukhulu ekufakweni. Ngakho-ke, ukuqina kanye nezakhiwo ezilula zokufakwa kwe-PV kuyizindlela zokuthuthukiswa. Ukuze kwakhiwe ukufakwa kwe-PV okuzinzile ngokwesakhiwo, okuhlala isikhathi eside, nokulula, ukufakwa kwe-PV okusekelwe ku-resin okusekelwe ezintweni ezihlanganisiwe kuye kwathuthukiswa ngokusekelwe kumaphrojekthi okwakha angempela. Kusukela kumthwalo womoya, umthwalo weqhwa, umthwalo ozithwalayo, kanye nomthwalo wokuzamazama komhlaba othwalwa ukufakwa kwe-PV, izingxenye ezibalulekile kanye nama-node okufakwa kuhlolwa amandla ngokubala. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ngokuhlolwa kokusebenza kwe-aerodynamic kwesistimu yokufaka kanye nocwaningo ngezici zokuguga kwezinto eziningi ezihlanganisiwe ezisetshenziswa ohlelweni lokufaka ngaphezu kwamahora angu-3000, kungenzeka ukuthi ukusetshenziswa okungokoqobo kokufakwa kwe-PV okuhlanganisiwe kuye kwaqinisekiswa.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Jan-05-2024